What is 1.4404 grade equivalent to?
Stainless steel types 1.4401 and 1.4404 are also known as grades 316 and 316L respectively. Grade 316 is an austenitic grade second only to 304 in commercial importance. 316 stainless steel contains an addition of molybdenum that gives it improved corrosion resistance.
What is 1.4571 material equivalent to?
The stainless steel grade 1.4571 is equivalent to AISI 316Ti. It's a titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel, often used as a more corrosion-resistant alternative to 316L. This grade is known for its enhanced resistance to intergranular corrosion, especially at higher temperatures, due to the titanium addition.
| Identification according to | ||
| EN 10027-1 | EN 10027-7 | AISI / ASTM A213, A312 |
| X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 | 1.4571 | 316Ti |
| X2CrNiMo17-12-2 | 1.4404 | 316L |
However, the chemical and mechanical properties of the relevant stainless steel grades specified in the European standard (EN 10088) and the American standard (ASTM A240) are not completely consistent. Specifically, EN 10088 requires a minimum titanium content of five times the carbon content for 1.4571 steel; whereas ASTM A240 requires a titanium content of at least five times the combined carbon and nitrogen content for 316Ti.
Chemical Composition: 1.4404 vs. 1.4571 (Weight %)
|
Element/Property |
EN 1.4404 (316L) |
EN 1.4571 (316Ti) |
|---|---|---|
|
Carbon (C) |
≤ 0.030% |
≤ 0.080% |
|
Chromium (Cr) |
16.5–18.5% |
16.5–18.5% |
|
Nickel (Ni) |
10.0–13.0% |
10.5–13.5% |
|
Molybdenum (Mo) |
2.00–2.50% |
2.00–2.50% |
|
Manganese (Mn) |
≤ 2.00% |
≤ 2.00% |
|
Silicon (Si) |
≤ 1.00% |
≤ 1.00% |
|
Phosphorus (P) |
≤ 0.045% |
≤ 0.045% |
|
Sulfur (S) |
≤ 0.030% |
≤ 0.030% |
|
Nitrogen (N) |
≤ 0.11% |
≤ 0.11% |
|
Titanium (Ti) |
- |
≥5×C% (min. 0.30%) |
|
Iron (Fe) |
Balance |
Balance |
Mechanical Properties of 1.4571 and 1.4404 Stainless Steel
Here's a side-by-side mechanical properties comparison of EN 1.4571 (AISI 316Ti) and EN 1.4404 (AISI 316L) stainless steels according to EN 10088-2 and typical ASTM data.
Mechanical Properties Comparison Table
| Property | EN 1.4571 (AISI 316Ti) | EN 1.4404 (AISI 316L) |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength, Rm (MPa) | 500 – 700 | 500 – 700 |
| Yield Strength, Rp0.2 (MPa) | ≥ 200 | ≥ 220 |
| Elongation (A5, %) | ≥ 40 | ≥ 40 |
| Hardness (Brinell, HB) | ≤ 215 | ≤ 217 |
| Impact Toughness (Charpy V, J) | ≥ 100 at room temp | ≥ 100 at room temp |
| Modulus of Elasticity (GPa) | ~193 | ~193 |
| Density (g/cm³) | 8.0 | 8.0 |
| Melting Range (°C) | 1370 – 1400 | 1370 – 1400 |
1.Strength & ductility: Essentially the same; 316L may have a slightly higher yield strength, but the difference is negligible in most engineering designs.
2.High-temperature stability: 1.4571 (316Ti) has titanium stabilization, giving it better resistance to intergranular corrosion after prolonged exposure at 425–850 °C.
3.Low-temperature toughness: Both maintain good impact strength at cryogenic temperatures.
4.Corrosion resistance: Very similar in most environments; 316Ti is preferred for high-temp corrosive service, while 316L is more common in low-temp chloride environments.
Comparison Table of 1.4571 and 1.4404 Stainless Steel
| 1.4571 | 1.4404 | |
| Corrosion Properties | ||
| General corrosion | equal | equal |
| Pitting corrosion | worse | better |
| Stress corrosion cracking | worse | better |
| Intergranular corrosion | worse | better |
| Mechanical Properties | ||
| Heat resistance | better | worse |
| Cold formability | worse | better |
| Impact strength | worse | better |
| Cold compression | worse | better |
| Processing Properties | ||
| Machinability | equal | equal |
| Polishing | worse | better |
| Purity | worse | better |
| Weldability | equal | equal |
Material availability of 1.4571 and 1.4404 stainless steel.
Among the two materials, 1.4404/316L is the first choice in the world.
Only in Germany, Austria and Eastern European countries, 1.4571/316Ti is used as acid-resistant steel.
GNEE Stainless Steel, a global exporter, offers 1.4404/316L and 1.4571/316Ti steel tubes and shaped tubes to meet customer needs. Many European customers from Germany, Spain, and other countries purchase our high-quality 1.4571/316Ti stainless steel welded and seamless tubes. Please contact us for more information.es@gescosteel.com