What is the equivalent of 1.4310 stainless steel?
The equivalent of the European standard EN 1.4310 stainless steel is AISI 301 (or 302). Other equivalent designations include X10CrNi18-8 (German/European), UNS S30100 (American), and SUS301 (Japanese). This austenitic stainless steel is known for its high strength after cold working and is used for springs and other applications requiring high tensile strength.
Key Equivalents for EN 1.4310 Stainless Steel: AISI 301 / 302, X10CrNi18-8, UNS S30100, and SUS301.
The chemical composition of 301 stainless steel is carefully controlled to ensure optimal performance in demanding applications:
| Element | Minimum (%) | Maximum (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon (C) | 0.05 | 0.15 |
| Chromium (Cr) | 16.0 | 18.0 |
| Nickel (Ni) | 6.0 | 8.0 |
| Manganese (Mn) | – | 2.0 |
| Silicon (Si) | – | 1.0 |
| Phosphorus (P) | – | 0.045 |
| Sulfur (S) | – | 0.03 |
| Nitrogen (N) | – | 0.10 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance | – |
Physical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³) |
| Melting Range | 1399-1421°C (2550-2590°F) |
| Modulus of Elasticity at 20°C | 193 GPa (28 × 10⁶ psi) |
| Electrical Resistivity at 20°C | 0.73 Ω·mm²/m (72 microhm-cm) |
| Thermal Conductivity at 20-100°C | 16.3 W/m·K (9.4 Btu·ft/hr·ft²·°F) |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (20-100°C) | 16.6 × 10⁻⁶ /K (9.2 × 10⁻⁶ /°F) |
| Specific Heat Capacity at 0-100°C | 500 J/kg·K (0.12 Btu/lb·°F) |
| Magnetic Permeability (Annealed) | 1.02 max at 200H |
Mechanical Properties
The mechanical properties of 301 stainless steel vary significantly based on the level of cold working (temper). Below are the minimum mechanical properties specified by ASTM A240 and A666:
| Condition | Tensile Strength, MPa (ksi) | 0.2% Yield Strength, MPa (ksi) | Elongation in 50mm (2″), % | Hardness |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annealed | 515 min (75 min) | 205 min (30 min) | 40 min | B85 |
| 1/4 Hard | 862 min (125 min) | 517 min (75 min) | 25 min | B90 |
| 1/2 Hard | 1034 min (150 min) | 758 min (110 min) | 18 min* | C32 |
| 3/4 Hard | 1207 min (175 min) | 931 min (135 min) | 12 min* | C37 |
| Full Hard | 1276 min (185 min) | 965 min (140 min) | 9 min* | C41 |
According to EN 10151, 301 (1.4310) stainless steel strip is available in different tensile strength ranges identified by condition codes:
| Condition | Tensile Strength Range, MPa | Minimum Elongation A80, % |
|---|---|---|
| +C1150 | 1150-1300 | 15 |
| +C1300 | 1300-1500 | 10 |
| +C1500 | 1500-1700 | 5 |
| +C1700 | 1700-1900 | 2 |
| +C1900 | 1900+ | 1 |
Corrosion Resistance
General Corrosion: 301 provides good resistance to atmospheric corrosion and many mild chemical environments. However, its corrosion properties are generally not as robust as the 18-8 chromium-nickel steels like 304/304L.
Intergranular Corrosion: Due to its moderate carbon content (0.05-0.15%), 301 is susceptible to sensitization and intergranular corrosion when exposed to temperatures in the range of 450-850°C (842-1562°F) for extended periods. This occurs due to the formation of chromium carbides at grain boundaries, creating chromium-depleted zones that are vulnerable to corrosion.
Heat Treatment
301 stainless steel can be heat treated using the following parameters:
Annealing Temperature: 1010-1120°C (1850-2050°F)
Cooling: Rapid cooling (air cooling for thin sections, water quenching for heavier sections) is necessary to prevent carbide precipitation
Stress Relieving: 700-1000°F (371-538°C) for periods of five minutes to five hours. Lower temperatures and shorter times minimize carbide precipitation.
Forging Temperature:
Initial: 1093-1204°C (2000-2200°F)
Finishing: 927°C (1700°F)
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