304 Steels

Austenitic stainless steels are not magnetic and cannot be hardened by heat treatment. They are very ductile and have excellent weldability.

The most popular austenitic stainless is Type 304, which contains basically 18% chromium and 8% nickel, with a carbon content limited to a maximum of 0.08%. It has great application in the chemical, pharmaceutical, alcohol, aeronautics, naval, architectural, food, and transport industries. It is also used in cutlery, crockery, swimming pools, elevator coatings and in a number of applications.

In certain media, especially those containing chlorideiones, stainless 304 shows a propensity for a form of corrosion called chopping corrosion. It is an extraordinarily localized type of corrosion, in which at certain points on the surface of the material, the aggressive medium manages to break the passive film and then progress in depth. The growth of the chopped occurs in an autocatalytic process and although the loss of mass may sometimes be insignificant, this form of corrosion is very insidious, since many times a chop is enough to leave a piece of equipment out of service.

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